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The existence of plants is essential for the survival of living things on the earth. For the importance of this sentence to be fully grasped, we must ask: "What are the most important elements for human life?" Of course, basic needs such as oxygen, water, and nourishment come to mind as the answers to this question. And green plants are the most important factor in ensuring the balance of these basic needs on the earth. And there are other balances in the world, of great importance to all living things, not just human beings, such as temperature control and maintaining the correct proportion of gases in the atmosphere, and again it is green plants which maintain the entire equilibrium.
And the activities of green plants do not end there. As is known, the main source of energy for life on earth is the Sun. But human beings and animals are unable to make direct use of solar energy, because their bodies lack the systems to use this energy as it is. For this reason solar energy can reach human beings and animals as usable energy only through the food produced by plants. For example, while sipping tea, we are actually sipping solar energy, and as we eat bread, we are munching solar energy. The strength in our muscles is really nothing other than solar energy in a different form. Plants store this form of energy for us in the molecules in their bodies by carrying out complicated processes. The position for animals is no different from that of human beings. They are fed by plants, deriving solar energy from the plants' energy, which they store in packets.
Plants being able to produce their own nutrition and maintain themselves, in contrast to other living things, is due to their cell structure, which enables them to employ solar energy directly, unlike human or animal cells. With the help of this structure, plant cells turn energy from the sun into energy which people and animals can absorb through nutrition. They store this energy as food through the special procesesses concealed in their structure. These processes are collectively known as photosynthesis.
Friday, February 11, 2011
Kreasi TUHAN (by Harun Yahya)
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DNA: A Glorious Marvel of Creation
Each person has an average of 100 trillion cells, each of which contains a DNA molecule. Just one of these contains information regarding 3 billion different subjects, enough information to fill approximately 1,000 volumes of books, each one containing 1 million pages. If we were to lay these pages out side by side, they would stretch from the North Pole to the Equator. If we were to read it 24 hours a day, it would take 100 years to finish it. This glorious information belongs to a single DNA molecule, which exists everywhere in our body, such as in a single fingernail or a single hair.
How could such an incredible library have been squeezed into a minute hair too small to be seen with the naked eye? How could it have been packed into all of the cells that constitute that hair and all of the other cells that make up our body? How could so much information, which we could never carry on our own, have been installed in our bodies 100 trillion times? Could human beings manage to do this themselves? Can any known technology achieve such an amazing feat? Could this glorious information be present in the cells by chance?
Clearly, random events, human beings, and technology cannot produce such an astonishing work. This fact has been scientifically proven. This amazing work in our bodies belongs to Allah, Whose might makes all things according to His will:
We created humanity from a mingled drop to test him, and We made him hearing and seeing. We guided him on the Way, whether he is thankful or unthankful. (Surat al-Insan, 2-3)
DNA: A Glorious Marvel of Creation
Each person has an average of 100 trillion cells, each of which contains a DNA molecule. Just one of these contains information regarding 3 billion different subjects, enough information to fill approximately 1,000 volumes of books, each one containing 1 million pages. If we were to lay these pages out side by side, they would stretch from the North Pole to the Equator. If we were to read it 24 hours a day, it would take 100 years to finish it. This glorious information belongs to a single DNA molecule, which exists everywhere in our body, such as in a single fingernail or a single hair.
How could such an incredible library have been squeezed into a minute hair too small to be seen with the naked eye? How could it have been packed into all of the cells that constitute that hair and all of the other cells that make up our body? How could so much information, which we could never carry on our own, have been installed in our bodies 100 trillion times? Could human beings manage to do this themselves? Can any known technology achieve such an amazing feat? Could this glorious information be present in the cells by chance?
Clearly, random events, human beings, and technology cannot produce such an astonishing work. This fact has been scientifically proven. This amazing work in our bodies belongs to Allah, Whose might makes all things according to His will:
We created humanity from a mingled drop to test him, and We made him hearing and seeing. We guided him on the Way, whether he is thankful or unthankful. (Surat al-Insan, 2-3)
SEMUT (by Harun Yahya)
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The living beings that have the densest population in the world are the ants. For every seven hundred million ants that come into this world there are only 40 new-born human beings. There is a lot of other amazing information to learn about these creatures.
The ants, one of the most "social" groups among the insect genus, live as societies called "colonies", which are extremely well "organized." Their organization is of such an advanced order that it may be said that in this respect they have a civilization similar to that of humans.
The ants care for their babies, protect their colonies and fight as they produce and store their food. There are even colonies that do "tailoring", that deal in "agriculture" or "animal husbandry". These animals, with their very strong communication network, are so superior as not to be compared to any other organism, with respect to social organization and specialization.
In our day, researchers with superior intelligence and education are working day and night in think tanks formed to formulate successful social organizations and to find lasting solutions to social and economic problems. Ideologues have been producing social models for centuries. Yet when we look at the world in general, no ideal socio-economic social order has so far been reached, in spite of all these intensive efforts. Since the concept of order in human societies has always been based on competition and individual interests, a perfect social order has never been possible. The ants on the other hand, have perpetuated the social system that is ideal for them for millions of years right down to the present day.
Then how can these minute creatures form such an order? This is a question for which an answer must certainly be sought.
Evolutionists, when trying to answer this question, claim that ants evolved 80 million years ago from "Tiphiidae", which is an archaic genus of wasps, and that they started socializing 40 million years ago – suddenly, "at their own discretion" - and that they constitute the highest level of the evolution of insects. However, they do not in any way explain the causes and the process of development of this socialization. The basic mechanism of evolution requires living beings to fight with each other to the end, for their survival. Therefore, each genus and every individual within that genus can think of only itself and its own offspring (Why and how it started thinking of its offspring is another dead end for Evolution, but we are skipping this point for now). It is, of course, unanswered how this type of a "law of evolution" can form a social system with sacrifice right at its core.
The questions to be answered are not limited to these. Could these creatures whose nerve cells for one million of them only weigh 20 grams, have adopted the resolution to socialize in groups "just like that"? Or could they have got together to set the rules for this socializing after adopting such a resolution? Even if we accept that they could, would all of them obey this new system without exception? Have they formed an advanced social order by founding colonies with millions of members after overcoming all these seeming impossibilities?
Then how did a "caste system" emerge out of this struggle? First, this question has to be answered: How has the difference between the queen and the worker developed? Evolutionists at this point will say that a group among the workers abandoned working and developed a physiology different from the worker ants by going through genetic variations over a long period of time. However, we are then faced with the question of how the said "would be queens" were nourished throughout this transformation period. The queen ants do not look for food. They are fed with food brought by the workers. Some workers may have seen themselves as "queens", so how and why have other workers accepted this hierarchy? Furthermore, why have they consented to feed this queen? The "struggle for life" that they are in, according to "evolution", requires that they only think of themselves.
The living beings that have the densest population in the world are the ants. For every seven hundred million ants that come into this world there are only 40 new-born human beings. There is a lot of other amazing information to learn about these creatures.
The ants, one of the most "social" groups among the insect genus, live as societies called "colonies", which are extremely well "organized." Their organization is of such an advanced order that it may be said that in this respect they have a civilization similar to that of humans.
The ants care for their babies, protect their colonies and fight as they produce and store their food. There are even colonies that do "tailoring", that deal in "agriculture" or "animal husbandry". These animals, with their very strong communication network, are so superior as not to be compared to any other organism, with respect to social organization and specialization.
In our day, researchers with superior intelligence and education are working day and night in think tanks formed to formulate successful social organizations and to find lasting solutions to social and economic problems. Ideologues have been producing social models for centuries. Yet when we look at the world in general, no ideal socio-economic social order has so far been reached, in spite of all these intensive efforts. Since the concept of order in human societies has always been based on competition and individual interests, a perfect social order has never been possible. The ants on the other hand, have perpetuated the social system that is ideal for them for millions of years right down to the present day.
Then how can these minute creatures form such an order? This is a question for which an answer must certainly be sought.
Evolutionists, when trying to answer this question, claim that ants evolved 80 million years ago from "Tiphiidae", which is an archaic genus of wasps, and that they started socializing 40 million years ago – suddenly, "at their own discretion" - and that they constitute the highest level of the evolution of insects. However, they do not in any way explain the causes and the process of development of this socialization. The basic mechanism of evolution requires living beings to fight with each other to the end, for their survival. Therefore, each genus and every individual within that genus can think of only itself and its own offspring (Why and how it started thinking of its offspring is another dead end for Evolution, but we are skipping this point for now). It is, of course, unanswered how this type of a "law of evolution" can form a social system with sacrifice right at its core.
The questions to be answered are not limited to these. Could these creatures whose nerve cells for one million of them only weigh 20 grams, have adopted the resolution to socialize in groups "just like that"? Or could they have got together to set the rules for this socializing after adopting such a resolution? Even if we accept that they could, would all of them obey this new system without exception? Have they formed an advanced social order by founding colonies with millions of members after overcoming all these seeming impossibilities?
Then how did a "caste system" emerge out of this struggle? First, this question has to be answered: How has the difference between the queen and the worker developed? Evolutionists at this point will say that a group among the workers abandoned working and developed a physiology different from the worker ants by going through genetic variations over a long period of time. However, we are then faced with the question of how the said "would be queens" were nourished throughout this transformation period. The queen ants do not look for food. They are fed with food brought by the workers. Some workers may have seen themselves as "queens", so how and why have other workers accepted this hierarchy? Furthermore, why have they consented to feed this queen? The "struggle for life" that they are in, according to "evolution", requires that they only think of themselves.
LABA - laba (by Harun Yahya)
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There are hundreds of species of spiders in the world. These small animals can appear to us sometimes as a construction engineer capable of performing calculations for building its nest, sometimes as an interior designer making complicated plans, sometimes a chemist making incredibly strong and flexible threads, deadly venoms, and dissolving acids, and sometimes as a hunter using the most cunning tactics.
Despite their numerous superior characteristics, nobody in his daily life even bothers to think what special creations spiders are. According to this underestimation there is nothing surprising in the existence of spiders, nor in that of anything else. But this is a completely mistaken way of thinking. Because, as we begin to learn more about spiders, as about the behaviour of all creatures, examining for example their methods of hunting, reproducing, and defending themselves, we find ourselves face-to-face with characteristics that fill us with awe.
In nature all living things adopt behaviour patterns that require intelligence in order to live their lives. These behaviour patterns, that underlie skills, proficiencies and superior planning capabilities, have one thing in common. Each and every one necessarily requires ability. Skills that a human being can master only by learning, and gaining proficiency and experience, already exist in these living creatures from the moment they are born. The later parts of this book consist of questions which need to be answered: how these abilities, which will be described in some detail, came about, and how living creatures learned them. These living things, acting in accordance with such highly intelligent blueprints, hunting with such calculation, and when necessary, behaving like chemical engineers, knowing what material to produce in a particular situation, really baffle scientists who study them. So much so that even evolutionist scientists admit that the cleverest living creatures have characteristics necessitating intelligence. Scientist Richard Dawkins, despite the fact that he is an evolutionist, describes spiders' behaviour in this way in his book, Climbing Mount Improbable:
There are hundreds of species of spiders in the world. These small animals can appear to us sometimes as a construction engineer capable of performing calculations for building its nest, sometimes as an interior designer making complicated plans, sometimes a chemist making incredibly strong and flexible threads, deadly venoms, and dissolving acids, and sometimes as a hunter using the most cunning tactics.
Despite their numerous superior characteristics, nobody in his daily life even bothers to think what special creations spiders are. According to this underestimation there is nothing surprising in the existence of spiders, nor in that of anything else. But this is a completely mistaken way of thinking. Because, as we begin to learn more about spiders, as about the behaviour of all creatures, examining for example their methods of hunting, reproducing, and defending themselves, we find ourselves face-to-face with characteristics that fill us with awe.
In nature all living things adopt behaviour patterns that require intelligence in order to live their lives. These behaviour patterns, that underlie skills, proficiencies and superior planning capabilities, have one thing in common. Each and every one necessarily requires ability. Skills that a human being can master only by learning, and gaining proficiency and experience, already exist in these living creatures from the moment they are born. The later parts of this book consist of questions which need to be answered: how these abilities, which will be described in some detail, came about, and how living creatures learned them. These living things, acting in accordance with such highly intelligent blueprints, hunting with such calculation, and when necessary, behaving like chemical engineers, knowing what material to produce in a particular situation, really baffle scientists who study them. So much so that even evolutionist scientists admit that the cleverest living creatures have characteristics necessitating intelligence. Scientist Richard Dawkins, despite the fact that he is an evolutionist, describes spiders' behaviour in this way in his book, Climbing Mount Improbable:
ikan CUMI
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Sayid menggunakan kesempatan liburan musim panas untuk berenang sebanyak mungkin. Ayahnya memberikan dia sepasang kacamata selam agar dia dapat melihat di bawah air. Sayid terkesima dengan keindahan menakjubkan yang dilihatnya saat di dalam air. Suatu saat ketika dia sedang meilhat-lihat di bawah air dengan kacamata selamnya, dia melihat sesuatu yang tidak tampak seperti seekor ikan.
“Hai, siapa kamu?” Sayid memanggil.
“Tidak mengherankan kalau kamu terkejut, Sayid!” sang makhluk memanggil kembali. “Aku seekor cumi-cumi. Orang sering menganggap kami sebagai ikan; walaupun kami sangatlah berbeda. Misalnya, kami tidak memiliki satu tulangpun dalam tubuh kami.”
Sayid terheran-heran, “Jika kalian tidak memiliki tulang dalam tubuh kalian, bagaimana kalian bergerak?” tanyanya.
Sayid menggunakan kesempatan liburan musim panas untuk berenang sebanyak mungkin. Ayahnya memberikan dia sepasang kacamata selam agar dia dapat melihat di bawah air. Sayid terkesima dengan keindahan menakjubkan yang dilihatnya saat di dalam air. Suatu saat ketika dia sedang meilhat-lihat di bawah air dengan kacamata selamnya, dia melihat sesuatu yang tidak tampak seperti seekor ikan.
“Hai, siapa kamu?” Sayid memanggil.
“Tidak mengherankan kalau kamu terkejut, Sayid!” sang makhluk memanggil kembali. “Aku seekor cumi-cumi. Orang sering menganggap kami sebagai ikan; walaupun kami sangatlah berbeda. Misalnya, kami tidak memiliki satu tulangpun dalam tubuh kami.”
Sayid terheran-heran, “Jika kalian tidak memiliki tulang dalam tubuh kalian, bagaimana kalian bergerak?” tanyanya.
kelinci (by Harun Yahya)
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Ali dan keluarganya pergi ke desa di pagi hari pada hari minggu untuk piknik. Ibunya mengatur perlengkapan piknik di atas tanah.
Ibunya telah memenuhi keranjang dengan wortel, kesukaan Ali. Langsung saja, Ali duduk di bawah pohon. Dia membaca buku dan memakan wortel. Dia melihat seekor kelinci mendekati keranjang. Ali duduk perlahan, mencoba untuk tidak menakuti sang kelinci kecil.
“Kamu pasti lapar, kelinci kecil,” katanya.
“Memang benar. Aku sangat suka wortel,” sang kelinci setuju.
“Mari,” kata Ali: “Ayo makan wortel-wortel ini bersama-sama dan berbincang-bincang. Ada banyak hal yang ingin aku tanyakan kepadamu…”
Sang kelinci mulai berbicara: Kami para kelinci tinggal di sarang yang disebut lubang kelinci, yang kami gali di bawah tanah. Dan wortel sangat cocok dengan kehidupan kami di bawah tanah karena mereka tumbuh di dalam tanah. Jadi kami dapat menemukannya dengan mudah. Wortel adalah makanan kesukaan kami, dan Allah telah menciptakan wortel sedemikian sehingga kami tidak kesulitan menemukannya. Karena Allah menghendaki seperti ini, kami tidak mempunyai masalah dalam mencari makanan. Ini adalah salh satu keajaiban ciptaan-Nya.”
Ali berpikir betapa Allah telah menciptakan segalanya dengan cara yang tepat untuk digunakan para hewan. Dia teringat akan jeruk yang dia makan di musim dingin. Dia mengagumi bagaimana jeruk itu dikupas dari kulitnya dalam bentuk terpotong-potong sehingga dia dapat dengan meudah memakannya. Apabila jeruk itu tercipta dalam bentuk yang berbeda, pikirnya, mungkin akan sulit dimakan. Jeruk mengandung banyak Vitamin C, yang sangat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan, dan Ali bersyukur kepada Allah Yang menciptakan jeruk dalam keadaan siap terpotong dan dikemas sedemikian rupa sehingga orang mudah memakannya. Dan, tentu saja, merupakan nikmat lainnya bahwa kita memiliki gigi untuk memakan jeruk. Allah juga memberikan kelinci gigi depan untuk memotong wortel dengannya.
Ali dan keluarganya pergi ke desa di pagi hari pada hari minggu untuk piknik. Ibunya mengatur perlengkapan piknik di atas tanah.
Ibunya telah memenuhi keranjang dengan wortel, kesukaan Ali. Langsung saja, Ali duduk di bawah pohon. Dia membaca buku dan memakan wortel. Dia melihat seekor kelinci mendekati keranjang. Ali duduk perlahan, mencoba untuk tidak menakuti sang kelinci kecil.
“Kamu pasti lapar, kelinci kecil,” katanya.
“Memang benar. Aku sangat suka wortel,” sang kelinci setuju.
“Mari,” kata Ali: “Ayo makan wortel-wortel ini bersama-sama dan berbincang-bincang. Ada banyak hal yang ingin aku tanyakan kepadamu…”
Sang kelinci mulai berbicara: Kami para kelinci tinggal di sarang yang disebut lubang kelinci, yang kami gali di bawah tanah. Dan wortel sangat cocok dengan kehidupan kami di bawah tanah karena mereka tumbuh di dalam tanah. Jadi kami dapat menemukannya dengan mudah. Wortel adalah makanan kesukaan kami, dan Allah telah menciptakan wortel sedemikian sehingga kami tidak kesulitan menemukannya. Karena Allah menghendaki seperti ini, kami tidak mempunyai masalah dalam mencari makanan. Ini adalah salh satu keajaiban ciptaan-Nya.”
Ali berpikir betapa Allah telah menciptakan segalanya dengan cara yang tepat untuk digunakan para hewan. Dia teringat akan jeruk yang dia makan di musim dingin. Dia mengagumi bagaimana jeruk itu dikupas dari kulitnya dalam bentuk terpotong-potong sehingga dia dapat dengan meudah memakannya. Apabila jeruk itu tercipta dalam bentuk yang berbeda, pikirnya, mungkin akan sulit dimakan. Jeruk mengandung banyak Vitamin C, yang sangat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan, dan Ali bersyukur kepada Allah Yang menciptakan jeruk dalam keadaan siap terpotong dan dikemas sedemikian rupa sehingga orang mudah memakannya. Dan, tentu saja, merupakan nikmat lainnya bahwa kita memiliki gigi untuk memakan jeruk. Allah juga memberikan kelinci gigi depan untuk memotong wortel dengannya.
RAHASIA suara burung (by Harun Yahya)
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Chapter
-1-
The Special Design which Enables
Birds to Produce Sound
Talking, or even imitating sound, is not just a simple matter of opening and closing the mouth, as some people believe. A complex system is required for this action to take place, and all parts of this system must be synchronized in perfect working order. Birds with a talent for sound mimicry enjoy all of these requirements and demonstrate their ability in extraordinary ways.
Some of these species have a talent rarely found in any other creature except man. The best example of this are parrots, which can imitate, in addition to human speech, a wide range of sounds that even humans can’t duplicate convincingly—for example, as the creaking of a door, the cap being removed from a bottle, a ringing telephone, or a tune being whistled. This talent to imitate, observable in parrots and some other bird species, is not an ability that can be acquired by coincidence. For any living creature to imitate a sound it has heard, it needs to have complex physiological structures already in place. Particularly in the case of birds that can closely imitate the human voice in terms of tone, stress and expression, these structures must be very sophisticated.
Chapter
-1-
The Special Design which Enables
Birds to Produce Sound
Talking, or even imitating sound, is not just a simple matter of opening and closing the mouth, as some people believe. A complex system is required for this action to take place, and all parts of this system must be synchronized in perfect working order. Birds with a talent for sound mimicry enjoy all of these requirements and demonstrate their ability in extraordinary ways.
Some of these species have a talent rarely found in any other creature except man. The best example of this are parrots, which can imitate, in addition to human speech, a wide range of sounds that even humans can’t duplicate convincingly—for example, as the creaking of a door, the cap being removed from a bottle, a ringing telephone, or a tune being whistled. This talent to imitate, observable in parrots and some other bird species, is not an ability that can be acquired by coincidence. For any living creature to imitate a sound it has heard, it needs to have complex physiological structures already in place. Particularly in the case of birds that can closely imitate the human voice in terms of tone, stress and expression, these structures must be very sophisticated.
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